1923

January 1

• Union of Socialist Soviet Republics established. [1]

January 2

• Ku Klux Klan surprise attack on black residential area Rosewood Florida, 8 killed (compensation awarded in 1995). [1]
• Sam Carter black resident of Rosewood Florida, lynched by KKK. [1]

January 3

• Jaroslav Hasek Czech writer (Good Soldier Schweyk), dies at age 39. [1]

January 4

• First broadcast of "Barn Dance Show" (WBAP - Fort Worth Texas). [1]
• Lenin's "Political Testament" calls for removal of Stalin. [1]

January 7

• Baltimore Sun warns of Ku Klux Klan. [1]

January 8

• Typography strike in Amsterdam. [1]

January 9

• Juan de la Cierva makes first autogiro (helicopter) flight, Spain. [1]
• Katherine Mansfield New Zealand/British writer (Dove's Nest), dies at age 34. [1]

January 10

• Last US troops leave Rhineland (Germany). [1]
• Lithuania seizes and annexes country of Memel. [1]

January 11

• First Dutch Dada-evening (Theo Van Doesburg and Kurt Schwitters). [1]
• Constantine I king of Greece (1913-17, 20-22), dies at age 54. [1]
• French and Belgian troops occupy Ruhr to collect reparations. In protest, Berlin ceases payment of all reparations. [1] [37]

January 15

• Lithuania seizes and annexes the country of Memel. [1]

January 17

• Belgian Working people Party protest against occupied Ruhrgebied. [1]
• Origin of Brown lunation numbers. [1]

January 18

• First radio telegraph message from Netherlands to Dutch East Indies. [1]
• Wallace Reid actor (Birth of a Nation), dies at age 31. [1]

January 19

• WMC-AM in Memphis Tennessee begins radio transmissions. [1]

January 22

• Max Nordau [Südfeld], German physician/zionists leader, dies at age 73. [1]

January 23

• Taxi strike in Amsterdam begins (through March 9th). [1]

January 24

• Aztec Ruins National Monument, New Mexico established. [1]

January 25

• NVV donates 100,000 gulden to mine workers of Ruhrgebied. [1]

January 28

• First "Reichs Party" (NSDAP) forms in Munich. [1]
• Demonstration against a Dutch University in Ghent. [1]
• NSDAP first election in Munich. [1]

January 29

• First flight of the autogiro (Juan de la Cierva, Madrid Spain). [1]

February 1

• Allied ultimatum on Lithuanian occupation of Memel. [1]
• Fascists Voluntary Militia forms in Italy under Mussolini. [1]
• Noël Coward's "Young Idea" premieres in London. [1]

February 2

• Ethyl gasoline first marketed, Dayton Ohio. [1]
• US signs friendship treaty with Central American countries. [1]

February 5

• General mine strike against wage cuts in Saar. [1]
• Mass arrests of socialists and communists in Italy. [1]

February 6

• Edward E Barnard US astronomer (5th moon Jupiter), dies at age 65. [1]

February 8

• Coal mine explosion at Dawson New Mexico kills 120. [1]
• German NSDAP Volkischer Beobachter newspaper becomes a daily. [1]

February 9

• Soviet Aeroflot airlines established. [1]

February 10

• Ink paste manufactured for first time by Standard Ink Company. [1]
• Owen Davis' "Icebound" premieres in New York City, New York. [1]
• SDAP speaks out against allied occupation of Ruhrgebied. [1]
• Wilhelm Konrad von Rontgen physicist (Nobel Prize 1901), dies at age 77. [1]

February 15

• Josephine B Willson Bruce US black theorist, dies at age 69. [1]

February 16

• Allies accept Latvia's occupation of Memel territory. [1]
• In Thebes, Egypt, English archaeologist Howard Carter enters the sealed burial chamber of the ancient Egyptian ruler King Tutankhamen. [1] [129]

February 18

• Belgium Borinage-mine workers strike for higher wages. [1]

February 19

• Jean Sibelius' 6th Symphony, premieres. [1]
• Jeronimo Gimenez y Bellido composer, dies at age 68. [1]
• Philip Barry's "You and I" premieres in New York City, New York. [1]

February 20

• Christy Mathewson becomes president of Boston Braves. [1]

February 21

• André Charlot's musical "Rats" premieres in London. [1]

February 22

• First successful chinchilla farm in US (Los Angeles California). [1]
• The United States begins the first transcontinental air mail route. [1] [5]

February 23

• German Republic day with laws against worker. [1]
• Great Britain lowers import duty on German products from 26% to 5%. [1]

February 24

• Flying Scotsman goes into service. [1]
• Mass arrests in US of Mafia. [1]

February 25

• Bread in Berlin rises to 2,000 mark. [1]

February 26

• Italian nationalist and fascists merge (blue-shirts and black-shirts). [1]

February 27

• Charles Francis Abdy Williams composer, dies at age 67. [1]

February 28

• Swedish king Gustaaf V begins state visit to Netherlands. [1]

March 1

• Allies occupy Ruhrgebied; killing railroad striker. [1]

March 2

• Time magazine debuts. [1]

March 3

• Time magazine publishes first issue. [1]
• US Senate rejects membership in International Court of Justice, The Hague. [1]

March 4

• Lenin's last article in Pravda (about Red bureaucracy). [1]

March 5

• Montana and Nevada become first states to enact old age pension laws. [1]

March 8

• Johannes S van der Waals Dutch physicist (Nobel Prize 1910), dies at age 85. [1]

March 9

• Amsterdam taxi strike ended. [1]
• Elmer Rice's "Adding Machine" premieres in New York City, New York. [1]

March 13

• Lee de Forest demonstrates his sound-on-film moving pictures (New York City, New York). [1]

March 14

• Allies accepts Vilnus taking East-Galicië in Poland. [1]
• German Supreme Court prohibits NSDAP. [1]
• President Warren G Harding became first President filing income tax report and pay taxes. [1]

March 15

• Lenin is hit with his third stroke. [1]

March 16

• Hugo von Hofmannsthal's "Der Unbestechliche" premieres in Vienna. [1]

March 20

• Bavarian minister of Interior refuses to forbid Nazi SA. [1]
• Belgian Senate rejects Dutch University in Ghent. [1]

March 21

• US foreign minister Charles Hughes refuses USSR recognition. [1]

March 22

• Theophile Delcassé French statesman, dies at age 71. [1]

March 23

• Frank Silver and Irving Conn release "Yes, We Have No Bananas". [1]

March 25

• British government grants Trans-Jordan autonomy. [1]

March 26

• Sarah Bernhardt [Henriette-Rosine Bernard] actress (Qn Elizabeth), dies at age 77. [1]

March 30

• Zeta Phi Beta Sorority, formed at Howard University in 1920, incorporates. [1]

March 31

• First dance marathon-New York City-Alma Cummings sets record of 27 hours. [1]
• French soldiers fire on workers at Krupp factory in Essen; 13 die. [1]

April 1

• First sound short films shown in New York's Rivoli Theatre. [242.4]
• San Marino elects two fascist regent-captains, beginning the rule of the Fascist Party. [501.154]

April 4

• L Martov [Joulij O Tsederbaum] Russian revolutionary, dies at age 49. [1]

April 5

• Firestone Company puts their inflatable tires into production. [1]
• George Edward Stanhope Molyneúx Herbert 5th Earl of Carnarvon/egyptologist, dies at age 56. [1]

April 7

• First brain tumor operation under local anesthetic performed (Beth Israel Hospital in New York City) by Dr K Winfield Ney. [1]
• Workers Party of America (New York City) becomes official communist party. [1]

April 9

• Mauritius H Binger director/producer (Living Ladder), dies. [1]
• Sean O'Casey's "Shadow of a Gunman", premieres in Dublin. [1]

April 10

• Hitler demands "hatred and more hatred" in Berlin. [1]

April 14

• Etienne Oehmichen sets helicopter distance record of 358 metres. [1]

April 15

• Insulin first becomes generally available for use by diabetics. [5]
• First sound on film public performance shown at Rialto Theater (New York City). [1]

April 18

• 74,000 (62,281 paid) on hand for opening of Yankee Stadium in the Bronx, New York. [1] [5]
• Poland annexes Central Lithuania. [1]

April 19

• New Egyptian law allows suffrage for men, except soldiers. [1]
• Thomas Paine Westendorf composer, dies at age 75. [1]

April 24

• Colonel Jacob Schick patents Schick shavers. [1]
• General harbor strike begins in New York City, New York. [1]

April 26

• English prince Albert (George VI) marries lady Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon. [1]

April 27

• Mussolini government italian place in South Tirol/Alto Adige. [1]

May 3

• First nonstop transcontinental flight (New York-San Diego) completed. [1]

May 4

• Bloody street battles between Nazis, socialist and police in Vienna. [1]
• New York state revokes Prohibition law. [1]

May 7

• Mine strike at Belgian Borinage railroad. [1]

May 10

• Vaslav Vorovsky Russian delegate, assassinated. [1]

May 13

• Pulitzer prize awarded to Willa Carter (One of Ours). [1]

May 15

• Cooperation of Dutch Molen forms. [1]

May 17

• Fire during closing day ceremonies at Grover Cleveland School (South Carolina). [1]

May 19

• KPD (communist revolts) in German Ruhr cities occupied by Allies. [1]

May 20

• Hans Goldschmidt German chemist, dies. [1]
• Stanley Baldwin, becomes Prime Minister of United Kingdom. [1]

May 22

• Stanley Baldwin succeeds Andrew Bonar Law as British premier. [1]

May 23

• Belgium's SABENA airline launches. [5]
• First flight of Sabena: Brussel-Lympne, Great Britain. [1]

May 25

• Britain recognizes Transjordan with Abdullah as its leader. [1]

May 26

• Socialist Workers Youth International forms in Hamburg. [1]

May 28

• Attorney General says it is legal for women to wear trousers anywhere. [1]
• US unemployment has nearly ended. [1]

May 29

• Adolf Oberländer German painter, dies. [1]

May 30

• Camille Chevillard composer, dies at age 63. [1]
• Howard Hanson's first Symphony "Nordic" premieres. [1]

May 31

• China and USSR exchange diplomats. [1]

June 8

• S Belyavskij discovers asteroid #995 Sternberga. [1]

June 12

• Harry Houdini frees himself from a straitjacket while suspended. [1]

June 14

• President Harding is first US president to use radio, dedicating the. [1]

June 21

• Marcus Garvey sentenced to five years for using the mail to defraud. [1]

June 27

• Capt. Lowell H. Smith and Lt. John P. Richter perform the first ever aerial refueling in a DH-4B biplane. [5]

June 29

• General JC Gomez Venezuala's first Vice President, assassinated. [1]

June 30

• New Zealand claims Ross Dependency in Antarctica. [1]

July 6

• Union of Soviet Socialist Republics formed. [1]

July 7

• University of Delaware invents the "junior year abroad" (at Sorbonne). [1]

July 8

• Harding becomes first sitting president to visit Alaska (Metlakahtla). [1]

July 10

• 2-pound hailstones kill 23 and many cattle. (Rostov, Russia). [1]
• All non-fascist parties disolved in Italy. [1]

July 12

• K Reinmuth discovers asteroids #997 Priska and #3682. [1]

July 13

• The Hollywood Sign (reading "Hollywoodland") is officially dedicated in Los Angeles. [5]

July 19

• WRC-AM in Washington DC begins radio transmissions. [1]

July 20

• Francisco Pancho Villa is killed in an ambush in Parral, Chihuahua, Mexico. [450.86]

July 24

• Allied Powers and Turkey sign peace treaty, Lausanne. [1]

July 30

• New Zealand claims Ross Dependency. [1]

August 2

• President Harding dies at Palace Hotel, San Francisco. [1]

August 5

• First American to swim the English Channel (Henry Sullivan). [1]

August 12

• Enrico Tiraboschi is first to swim English Channel westward. [1]

August 13

• Mustapha Kemal elected president of Turkey. [1]

September 1

• Earthquake strikes Tokyo and Yokohama, kills 106,000. [1]

September 4

• The first U.S. airship, the USS Shenandoah, makes its maiden flight. [5]

September 11

• The ZR-1 (biggest active dirigible) flies over New York's tallest skyscraper, the Woolworth Tower. [1]

September 12

• Britain takes over Southern Rhodesia from British South Africa Co. [1]

September 14

• Miguel Primo de Rivera becomes dictator of Spain. [1]

September 22

• Marquess of Ripon game hunter, dies, after shooting 52nd grouse. [1]

September 27

• Lou Gehrig's first homer. [1]

September 29

• Steinhart Aquarium in Golden Gate Park opens to public. [1]

October 5

• Edwin Hubble identifies Cepheid variable star. [1]

October 6

• USSR adopts experimental calendar. [1]

October 11

• German mark falls to 10 billion per £, 4 billion per $. [1]

October 16

• John Harwood patents the self-winding watch. [5]
• Walt and Roy Disney, as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio, sign a contract with M.J. Winkler Productions, a New York film distributor, to produce six Alice Comedy short films, for US$1500 each, with an option for six more. (This date is considered the beginning of the Disney studio.) [6]

October 21

• Deutsches Museum, München, first Walther Bauersfeld Zeiss Planetarium. [1]

October 29

• "Runnin' Wild" (introducing the Charleston) opens on Broadway. [1]
• The republic of Turkey is declared, with Mustafa Kemal Ataturk as first president. [1] [391.28]

November 3

• Swedish Crown Prince Gustav Adolf marries Lady Louise Mountbatten in the Chapel Royal at St. James' Palace in England, hosted by King George V. [7]

November 6

• USSR adopts experimental calendar, with 5-day "weeks". [1]

November 9

• Beer Hall Putsch-NAZIs fail to overthrow government in Germany. [1]

November 20

• Garrett Morgan invents and patents the traffic signal. [5]

November 22

• Coolidge pardons WW I German spy Lothar Witzke, sentenced to death. [1]

December 2

• Tomas Breton y Hernandez composer, dies at age 72. [1]

December 3

• First Congressional open session broadcast via radio (Washington DC). [1]

December 4

• Cecil B DeMille's first version of "Ten Commandments" premieres. [1]
• WEAF radio begins broadcasting Eveready Hour (variety show). [1]
• [Auguste-]Maurice Barrès French writer/parliament leader, dies at age 61. [1]

December 6

• First presidential address broadcast on radio (President Calvin Coolidge). [1]

December 8

• Dom Joseph Pothier French Benedictine/musicologist, dies at age 88. [1]
• German-US friendship treaty signed. [1]
• Labour/Liberals win British parliament. [1]
• Salary and price freeze in Germany. [1]

December 10

• Polish government of Grabski, forms. [1]

December 12

• Raymond Radiguet French journalist/writer (Ball du Comte), dies at age 20. [1]

December 14

• Gerard K "Simon" van het Reve, Dutch writer (Evenings). [1]
• Giuseppi Gallignani composer, dies at age 72. [1]

December 16

• Pongrac Kacsoh composer, dies at age 50. [1]

December 17

• Greek king George II overthrown by army/republic. [1]

December 18

• International zone of Tangier set up in Morocco. [1]

December 21

• Nepal changes from British protectorate to independent nation. [1]

December 22

• Arthur H Bird composer, dies at age 67. [1]
• Bill Ponsford and Edgar Mayne make 456 opening stand for Victoria. [1]

December 25

• Imperial Theater opens at 249 W 45th Steet New York City. [1]

December 27

• Unsuccessful attempt on prince-regent Hirohito of Japan. [1]

December 28

• Alexandre-Gustave Eiffel engineer (Eiffel Tower), dies at age 91. [1]
• George Bernard Shaw's "St Joan" premieres in New York City, New York. [1]

December 31

• First transatlantic radio broadcast of a voice, Pittsburgh-Manchester. [1]
• The chimes of Big Ben are broadcast on radio for the first time by the BBC. [1] [5]
• Harry Tierney/Joseph McCarthy's musical "Kid Boots" premieres in New York City, New York. [1]