1200

May 22

• Peace of Goulet. [1]

1201

March 31

• Absalon Asserssön Danish archbishop of Lund/statesman, dies. [1]

1202

March 13

• Mieszko III the Elder, grand duke of Poland (1173-77, 1200-02), dies. [1]

March 30

• Joachim Van Fiore Italian religious founder (Joachimism), dies. [1]

April 28

• King Philip II throws out John without Country, from France. [1]

1204

February 1

• Alexius IV Angelus regent of Byzantium (1203-04), murdered. [1]

April 1

• Eleanor of Aquitaine wife of Louis VII and Henry II, dies at age 81. [1]

April 12

• 4th Crusade occupies and plunders Constantinople. [1]

April 13

• Crusaders occupy Constantinople. [1]

December 12

• Maimonides [Moses Ben Maimon] Jewish philosopher/talmudic scholar, dies in Cairo at age 69. [1]

1205

March 6

• Aken, [Philips van Zwaben], crowned Roman-Catholic German King. [1]

April 1

• Amalrik II King of Cyprus/Jerusalem, dies. [1]

April 15

• Battle at Adrianople Bulgaria beats Emperor Boudouin of Constantinople. [1]

May 7

• Ladislaus III Arpad King of Hungary (1204-05), dies at age 5 or 6. [1]

1208

January 15

• Peter of Castelnau French nobleman, murdered. [1]

February 24

• Saint Francis of Assisi, 26, received his vocation in Portiuncula Italy. [1]

1209

March 12

• Djamal al-din Abu Mohammed Iljas Nizami Persian poet, dies. [1]

1210

October 3

• Hermann von Salza is elected Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights. [37]

November 1

• King John of England begins imprisoning Jews. [1]

1211

March 27

• Sancho I King of Portugal (1185-1211), dies at age 56. [1]

1212

June 25

• Simon de Montfort a leader of the crusades, dies at age 67. [1]

July 16

• Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa; end of Muslim power in Spain. [1]

December 5

• Derek II of Are Bishop of Utrecht (1197-1212), dies. [1]

December 9

• Frederik II crowns himself Roman Catholic king. [1]

1213

February 22

• Wibert of Gembloers benediction/writer/abbot of Gembloers, dies. [1]

May 15

• English king John names Stephen Langton Archbishop of Canterbury. [1]

December 17

• Jean de Matha French saint, dies at age 53. [1]

1214

January 8

• Earl Ferrand of Flanders drops ties with France. [1]

April 30

• Huguccio/Hugo van Pisa Italian bishop, dies. [1]

June 20

• University of Oxford in England receives its charter. [5]

1215

May 12

• English barons serve ultimatum on king John without Country. [1]

June 15

• In Runnymede, England, King John affixes his royal seal to the Magna Carta. The document guarantees that the king would respect feudal rights and privileges, uphold the freedom of the church, and maintain the nation's laws. [1] [129] [241.9]

November 11

• 4th Lateran Council (12th ecumenical council) opens in Rome. [1]

1216

May 21

• French crown prince Louis enters England. [1]

June 16

• Innocent III pope, dies at age 54. [1]

December 22

• Pope Honorius III delegates degree "Religiosam vitam eligentibus". [1]

1217

February 18

• Alexander Neckum de Sancto Albano English encyclopedist, dies at age 59. [1]

1219

January 16

• Floods in Northern Netherlands after storm, 1,000s killed. [1]

June 15

• King Valdemar brought victory for Denmark. [1]

1220

April 15

• Adolf I archbishop of Cologne, dies. [1]

April 26

• German king Frederick II grants bishops sovereign rights. [1]

1222

February 4

• Willem I earl of Holland (1203-22), dies. [1]

1223

March 25

• Afonso II third King of Portugal (1211-23), dies at age 36. [1]

December 25

• Saint Francis of Assisi assembles first Nativity scene (Greccio, Italy). [1]

1227

January 6

• Ferrand of Portugal freed from the Louvre. [1]

March 18

• Honorius III [Cencio Savelli], Pope (1216-27), dies. [1]

March 19

• Count Ugolino of Segna elected Pope Gregory IX. [1]

August 18

• Genghis Khan Mongol conqueror, died. [1]

September 11

• Death of St. Ludwig IV von Thüringen, during the Crusades. [37]

1229

January 17

• Albert bishop of Riga/founder (Sword Knights), dies at about age 68. [1]

March 18

• German emperor Frederick II crowns himself king of Jerusalem. [1]

April 4

• Hugo van Pierrepont bishop of Liege, dies. [1]

April 12

• Queen Blanche of Castilië and earl Raymond VII van Toulouse sign peace. [1]

1230

December 15

• Ottokar I king of Bohemia (1197-1230), dies. [1]

1231

November 17

• Death of St. Elisabeth von Thüringen (born 1207 in Hungary); devoted to caring for the sick, most notably lepers. [37]

1233

December 28

• The Charter of Culm is issued by the Teutonic Knights as a part of their efforts to colonize Prussia. The charter granted settlers civic freedoms including the right to elect local judges, the right to free travel, and the right to hereditary possession of land and buildings, guarantees against excessive taxation, and against quartering troops in private homes. [37]

1235

January 2

• Emperor Joseph II orders Jews of Galicia Austria to adopt family names. [1]

1236

January 14

• English king Henry III marries Eleonora of Provence. [1]
• Sava [Rastko] son of Serbia's king/saint, dies at age 64. [1]

December 23

• Philippus Cancellarius French theologist/poet (Summa Cum Laude), dies. [1]

1237

January 14

• Saint Sava son of Serbia's king, dies. [1]

February 13

• Jordanus of Saxon second general of Dominicans, drowns. [1]

March 23

• Jan of Brienne King of Jerusalem/Emperor of Constantinople, dies. [1]

May 12

• The crusading order, "The Swordbrothers" is incorporated into the order, "The Teutonic Knights" by decree of Pope Gregory. [37]

1238

February 7

• Mongols attack and burn Vladimir in Russia. [118.44]

March 4

• Some 200,000 Mongols defeat the Russian armies, killing Grand Prince Yuri II. [118.44]

1239

March 20

• Death of Hermann von Salza in Salerno, Italy (born in Thüringen, Germany, about 1170); Grand Master of the Teutonic Knights. [37]

1240

April 11

• Llywelyn ab Iorwerth the Great monarch of Wales (1194-1240), dies. [1]

April 14

• Llywelyn ap Iorwerth Prince of Wales, dies. [1]

December 6

• Mongols under Batu Khan occupy and destroy Kiev. [1]

1241

March 24

• Kaidu's Mongol army enters abandoned Cracow in Poland, burning the city. [118.45]

April 9

• Battle of Liegnitz - Mongol armies under Kaidu Khan defeat Poles and Germans. Almost the entire European army perishes. Duke Henry II of Silesia is decapitated. [1] [118.45]

April 11

• King Béla of Hungary, with 100,000 men, face the army of Mongol leader Batu Khan at the Sajo River. While the Hungarians engage at a stone bridge, the main force of Mongols attack from the south with 30,000 men. Hungarians retreat in a column from their beseiged camp, and are then attacked from both sides. 50-70,000 killed. [118.45]

May 25

• First attack on Jewish community of Frankfort-on-the-Main Germany. [1]

1242

February 12

• Hendrik VII Roman Catholics German king (1220-35), commits suicide. [1]

April 5

• Alexander Nevsky of Novgorod defeats Teutonic Knights. [1]
• Battle on the More of Pskov Estonia. [1]

1243

October 15

• Death of St. Hedwig von Schliesen (born 1174 in Bavaria); she dedicated herself to the spread of Christianity, care for the poor and sick and the founding of womens' monasteries. [37]

1244

December 5

• Johanna of Constantinople countess of Flanders (1205-44), dies. [1]

1245

February 8

• Johannes de Rupella/de la Rochelle French theologist, dies. [1]

June 28

• First Council of Lyons (13th ecumenical council) opens. [1]

1247

February 16

• Hendrik Raspe [Papenking], count of Thüringen, dies. [1]

February 25

• Hendrik IV duke of Limburg/earl of Bergen (1226-47), dies. [1]

1248

February 1

• Hendrik II duke of Brabant (1235-48), dies. [1]

May 15

• Archbishop Konrad von Hochstaden lays cornerstone for Köln (Cologne) cathedral. [1] [37]

August 14

• Construction is begun on the gothic cathedral in Cologne. [1] [37]

1249

December 25

• Peter Nolascus, Spanish monastery founder/Saint, dies. [1]

1250

April 7

• Death of St. Hermann Joseph von Steinfeld (born about 1150 in Cologne). [37]

April 15

• Pope Innoncent III refuses Jews of Cordova Spain to build a synagogue. [1]

May 2

• Toeransa sultan of Egypt, murdered. [1]

December 13

• Frederick II German Emperor (1212-1250), dies at age 55. [1]

1252

April 6

• Peter of Verona [Peter Martyr] Italian inquisitor/st, dies at age 45. [1]

May 30

• Ferdinand III the holy King of Castilië/León, dies. [1]

1253

April 22

• Elias van Cortona Italian General (1232-39), dies at about age 53. [1]

April 28

• Utrecht destroyed by fire. [1]

July 23

• Jews are expelled from Vienne France by order of Pope Innocent III. [1]

October 9

• Grosseteste an English scholar, dies at age 78. [1]

1254

May 21

• Koenraad IV Roman Catholic-German king (1237-54), dies at age 26. [1]

December 7

• Innocent IV [Sinibaldo dei Fieschi] Pope (1243-54), dies. [1]

1256

January 28

• Willem II Earl of Holland/German emperor (1238, 47-56), dies at age 22. [1]

1258

March 26

• Floris the Guardian, count-regent of Holland, dies. [1]

April 5

• Julian of Cornillon/Liege Flemish visionary/saint, dies. [1]

1259

May 28

• Christoffel I King of Denmark, dies. [1]

December 4

• Treaty of Paris: English king Henry III and French king Louis IX. [1]

1260

February 19

• Boniface of Lausanne, Belgian bishop/saint, dies. [1]

March 1

• Hulagu Khan, grandson of Genghis, conquerors Damascus. [1]

1261

February 28

• Hendrik duke of Brabant (1248-61), dies. [1]

May 25

• Alexander IV [Rinaldo dei conti di Segni] Pope (1254-61), dies. [1]

1262

January 28

• Flemish/Dutch coast ravaged by north western storm. [1]

November 28

• Shinran founder of Japan's True Pure Land Buddhist sect, dies. [1]

1263

March 19

• Hugo of St-Cher/a S Caro French cardinal, dies. [1]

August 19

• King James I or Argon censors Hebrew writings. [1]

December 12

• Hakon IV Gamli, King of Norway (1217-63), dies. [1]

1264

May 12

• Battle of Lewes begins in England. [241.9]

May 14

• Baron's War fought in England. [1]
• Battle at Lewes: Simon van Leicester beats English king Henry III. [1]

August 5

• Anti-Jewish riots break out in Arnstadt Germany. [1]

October 2

• Pope Urban IV (1261-64), dies (birth date unknown). [1]

October 3

• Comet said to predict the death of Pope Urban IV is last seen. [1]

1265

January 20

• First English Parliament called into session by Earl of Leicester. [1]

January 23

• First English Parliament formally convened (some authorities). [1]

August 4

• Simon de Montfort English baron, dies in battle. [1]

1266

February 26

• Battle of Benevento. [1]
• Manfred bastard son of Emperor Frederik II/king of Sicily, dies. [1]

1267

February 9

• Synod of Breslau orders Jews of Silesia to wear special caps. [1]

May 10

• Vienna's church orders all Jews to wear a distinctive garb. [1]

September 1

• Ramban (Nachmanides) arrives in Jerusalem to establish Jew community. [1]

1268

October 29

• Death of Konradin (Konrad der jüngere), beheaded in the marketplace in Naples, Italy (born in Wolfstein, Germany). [37]

1270

April 5

• Ramban Nachmanides Talmudic scholar (Hiddushei Ha-Ramden), dies. [1]

August 25

• Louis IX of France dies while on his second crusade. [117.10]

October 30

• 8th and last crusade is launched. [1]

1271

January 10

• Otto II the Lame, Earl of Gelre, dies. [1]

1272

March 14

• Re Enzo Italian poet/son of Emp Frederik II von Hohenstaufen, dies. [1]

April 17

• Zita/Cita Italian maid/saint, dies at about age 59. [1]

November 20

• Edward I proclaimed King of England. [1]

1273

October 24

• Rudolf I is crowned in Aachen as the German King. [37]

1274

March 7

• Thomas Aquinas, Italian thelogian, religious writer, influenced official policy of Catholic Church, dies at age 48. [1] [117.9]

May 7

• Second Council of Lyons (14th ecumenical council) opens. [1]

1275

January 6

• Raymundus of Peñafort Spanish church law scholar, dies. [1]

March 4

• Chinese astronomers observe a total eclipse of the sun. [5]

May 23

• King Edward I of England orders cessation of persecution of French Jews. [1]

1276

January 10

• Gregorius X [Tedaldo Visconti], pope, dies. [1]

January 21

• Pierre de Tarantaise elected Pope Innocent V. [1]

1277

May 1

• Stefanus IV Uros I de Great King of Serbia (1243-76), dies. [1]

May 20

• John XXI [Petrus Juliani/Hispanus] Port Pope (1276-77), dies. [1]

1278

May 10

• Jews of England imprisoned on charges of coining. [1]

November 17

• 680 Jews arrested (293 hanged) in England for counterfeiting coins. [1]

1279

February 16

• Afonso III King of Portugal (1248-79), dies. [1]

1280

May 9

• Magnus VI Lagaboeter King of Norway (1263-80), dies at age 42. [1]

November 15

• Death of Albertus Magnus (Albert von Bollstädt) in Cologne (born about 1200); German scholar. [1] [37]

1281

February 22

• Simon de Brion elected Pope Martinus IV. [1]

May 27

• Flemish Earl Gwijde Dampierre takes financial responsibility of Brugge. [1]

1282

March 30

• Furious inhabitants of Palermo attack French occupation force. [1]

December 11

• Llywelyn ab Gruffydd monarch of North Wales (1246-77), dies. [1]
• Michael VIII Paleologus, Byzantine emperor (1259-82), dies. [1]

1284

April 4

• Alfonso X "El Sabio" King of Castilië/León (1252-84), dies at age 62. [1]

June 26

• According to legend, the Pied Piper lures 130 children away from Hamelin. [5]

October 31

• The Venetian Council of Forty approves the gold ducat, the origin of the ducat coin. [390.29]

1285

January 7

• Charles I of Anjou king of Naples/brother of King Louis IX, dies at age 58. [1]

March 28

• Martinus IV [Simon de Brion], Pope (1281-85), dies. [1]

October 12

• 180 Jews refuse baptism in Munich Germany, they are set on fire. [1]

1287

April 3

• Honorius IV [Giacomo Savelli], Italian Pope (1285-87), dies. [1]

December 14

• Zuider Zee seawall collapses with loss of 50,000 lives. [1]

1288

February 22

• Girolamo Masci elected Pope Nicolas IV. [1]

April 24

• Jews of Yroyes France are accused of ritual murder. [1]

June 16

• A shareholders' company is formed to safeguard mining of the Falu Copper Mine in Sweden. (This is the earliest recorded reference to the Stora Kopparberg mine, and the first company in recorded history to issue public shares.) [7]

1290

July 12

• Jews are expelled from England by order of King Edward I. [1]

September 27

• Earthquake in Gulf of Chili China, reportedly kills 100,000. [1]

December 18

• Magnus I Ladulås [Barn Bolt] king of Sweden (1277-90), dies. [1]

1291

March 5

• Sa'ad al'Da'ulah Jewish grand vizier of Persia, assassinated. [1]

May 10

• Scottish nobles recognize authority of English king Edward I. [1]

May 18

• Sultan of Egypt and his son take last Christian stronghold of Acre. [1]

July 15

• Death of Rudolf I in Limburg-im-Breisgau, Germany; first King of the Germans from the Habsburg dynasty. [37]

August 1

• Everlasting League forms, basis of Swiss Confederation (National Day). [1]

1292

April 4

• Nicholas IV [Girolamo Masci] Pope (1288-92), dies. [1]

June 24

• Graf Adolf von Nassau is crowned German King at Aachen. [37]

December 8

• John Peckham English archbishop of Canterbury, dies at age 62. [1]

December 9

• Sa'di great Persian poet (Orchard, Rose Garden), dies. [1]

1293

May 20

• Earthquake strikes Kamakura Japan, 30,000 killed. [1]

1294

February 1

• Louis II the Stern, ruler of Upper-Bayern, dies. [1]

May 3

• Jan I duke of Brabant/Limburg/poet, dies. [1]
• John II becomes duke of Brabant/Limburg. [1]

June 30

• Jews are expelled from Berne Switzerland. [1]

December 10

• Pope Coelestinus V becomes Pope (until December 13th). [1]

December 13

• Pope Coelestinus V ends term. [1]

December 24

• Cardinal Benedetto Gaetani chosen as Pope Boniface VIII. [1]

1295

April 25

• Sancho IV the Brave, scholar/king of Castile/León, dies. [1]

1296

January 9

• Earl Floris V signs accord with French king. [1]

February 24

• Pope Boniface VIII degree Clericis Iaicos. [1]

May 19

• Celestine V [Pietro del Murrone] Pope (1294), dies. [1]

1297

April 17

• Willem van Afflighem Flemish poet/abbot Saint Truiden, dies at about age 86. [1]

1298

March 14

• Petrus Johannis Olivi South France theologist, dies. [1]

July 2

• Death of Graf Adolf von Nassau near Worms, Germany; King of the Germans until deposed by the Habsburg, Albert I. [37]

July 22

• English defeat Scots at Battle of Falkirk. [1]

July 23

• Jews are massacred at Wurzburg Germany. [1]

October 19

• Rindfleish-140 Jews of Heilbron Germany are murdered. [1]

1299

November 19

• Death of St. Mechtilde von Hackeborn (born about 1241 near Halle (Germany)). [37]